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The Knowledge Book National Geographic Pdf Free: Download and Learn Amazing Facts



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.sfm-navicon-button .sf_label_icon color: #ffffff; .sfm-label-square .sfm-navicon-button, .sfm-label-rsquare .sfm-navicon-button, .sfm-label-circle .sfm-navicon-button color: #fff; .sfm-navicon-button .sf_label_icon width: 40px; height: 40px; font-size: calc(40px * .6); .sfm-navicon-button .sf_label_icon.la_icon_manager_custom width: 40px; height: 40px; .sfm-navicon-button.sf_label_default width: 40px; height: 40px; #sfm-sidebar [class*="sfm-icon-"] color: #aaaaaa; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-social li border-color: #aaaaaa; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-social a:before color: #aaaaaa; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-search-form background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05); #sfm-sidebar li:hover span[class*='fa-'] opacity: 1 !important; ;(function () var insertListener = function(event) if (event.animationName == "bodyArrived") afterContentArrived(); var timer, _timer; if (document.addEventListener && false) document.addEventListener("animationstart", insertListener, false); // standard + firefox document.addEventListener("MSAnimationStart", insertListener, false); // IE document.addEventListener("webkitAnimationStart", insertListener, false); // Chrome + Safari else timer = setInterval(function() if (document.body) // clearInterval(timer); afterContentArrived(); ,14); function afterContentArrived() clearTimeout(_timer); var htmlClss; if ( window.jQuery && window.jQuery.Deferred ) // additional check bc of Divi theme htmlClss = document.getElementsByTagName('html')[0].className; if (htmlClss.indexOf('sfm-pos') === -1) document.getElementsByTagName('html')[0].className = htmlClss + ' ' + window.SFM_classes; jQuery('body').fadeIn(); jQuery(document).trigger('sfm_doc_body_arrived'); window.SFM_EVENT_DISPATCHED = true; else _timer = setTimeout(function() afterContentArrived(); ,14); )()var SFM_template ="\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n THE SOCIETY \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Explore with Us\n\n\tOur Focus\n\tFocus Areas\n\t\n\t\tOcean\n\t\tLand\n\t\tWildlife\n\t\tHuman Histories and Cultures\n\t\tHuman Ingenuity\n\t\n\n\tOur Explorers\n\tGrants and Investments\n\n\nLearn with Us\n\n\tEducation Resources\n\tProfessional Connection and Learning\n\tImmersive Experiences\n\n\nJoin Us\n\n\tBecome a Member\n\tWays to Give\n\tLeadership Giving and Major Gifts\n\tCorporate and Foundation Partnerships\n\n\nVisit Us\n\n\tBase Camp\n\tOur Museum\n\tTraveling Exhibitions\n\n\nAbout Us\n\n\tOur Story\n\tOur Leadership\n\tDiversity, Equity, and Inclusion\n\tCareers\n\n\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n My Account Get Email Updates Visit Newsroom\r\nJourney further at NationalGeographic.com \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n\r\n" #wpadminbar background: #e29e1f !important; (function(w,d,s,l,i)[];w[l].push('gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js');var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= ' ='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); )(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-5GDQ9F'); .algolia-search-highlight background-color: #fffbcc;border-radius: 2px;font-style: normal;body.custom-background background-color: #ffffff; function setREVStartSize(e)//window.requestAnimationFrame(function() window.RSIW = window.RSIW===undefined ? window.innerWidth : window.RSIW;window.RSIH = window.RSIH===undefined ? window.innerHeight : window.RSIH;try catch(e)console.log("Failure at Presize of Slider:" + e) //); ;/* custom css for superfly menu alternative to Superfly Menu -> Advanced -> Additional CSS */:root --ngs-superfly-vertical-spacing-top: min(20vh, 200px); --ngs-superfly-vertical-spacing-bottom: min(8vh, 60px); --ngs-superfly-horizontal-spacing-left: 18%;@media screen and (max-width: 1500px) and (min-width: 768px) :root --ngs-superfly-vertical-spacing-top: 120px; --ngs-superfly-vertical-spacing-bottom: min(8vh, 60px); --ngs-superfly-horizontal-spacing-left: 18%; @media screen and (max-width: 768px) :root --ngs-superfly-vertical-spacing-top: 0; --ngs-superfly-vertical-spacing-bottom: min(3vh, 20px); --ngs-superfly-horizontal-spacing-left: 5%; /* disable rubbery scroll */html, body overscroll-behavior-y: none;@media screen and (max-height: 720px) #sfm-sidebar .sfm-copy margin-bottom: 0 !important; #sfm-sidebar font-family: var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family);.sfm-label-none .sfm-navicon-button:after left: 100%; top: 50%; margin: -8px 0 0 35px; font-family: var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family); font-weight: 500; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 3.2px;.sfm-sidebar-close top: 58px; left: calc(var(--ngs-superfly-horizontal-spacing-left) - 18px);.sfm-navicon-button top: 50px;.admin-bar .sfm-navicon-button top: 83px;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li > a:before background: none !important;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li > a > span:after background-position: center center; height: 0.5rem; background-size: 100% 0.5rem; display: block; background-repeat: no-repeat; width: 100%; margin-top: -10px; position: absolute;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li.sfm-active-item > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li.sfm-active-smooth > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li:hover > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li > a:focus > span:after, .sfm-style-full #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li.sfm-active-item > a > span:after content: ""; filter: invert(86%) sepia(9%) saturate(0%) hue-rotate(148deg) brightness(84%) contrast(92%);.sfm-sm-indicator right: auto;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu .sfm-chapter, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-back-parent font-size: 28px; line-height: 66px; font-weight: 500; text-transform: none;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li:hover > a color: var(--ngs-color-ramp-gray-9);#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-item a,#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-smooth a,.sfm-style-full #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-item a color: var(--ngs-color-sunlight);#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li:hover .sfm-sm-indicator i border-color: var(--ngs-color-ramp-gray-9);.ngs-menu-footer-links text-align: left; font: normal normal normal 16px/92px var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family); letter-spacing: 0.16px; color: var(--ngs-color-ramp-gray-9); opacity: 1; line-height: 3;.ngs-menu-footer-links span:hover color: #fff;.sfm-widget .ngs-menu-footer-links .far, .sfm-widget .ngs-menu-footer-links .fas margin-right: 18px;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-logo top: calc(var(--ngs-superfly-vertical-spacing-top) - 30px); padding-left: var(--ngs-superfly-horizontal-spacing-left);.sfm-rollback.sfm-fixed position: fixed;.sfm-copy padding: 0 0 0 var(--ngs-superfly-horizontal-spacing-left);#sfm-sidebar .sfm-nav padding-top: var(--ngs-superfly-vertical-spacing-top);#sfm-sidebar .sfm-va-middle vertical-align: top;.sf-menu-title font: normal normal 500 14px/18px var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family); letter-spacing: 5.32px; color: var(--ngs-color-ramp-gray-9); text-transform: uppercase;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1 .sfm-menu, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2 .sfm-menu padding-top: var(--ngs-superfly-vertical-spacing-top); justify-content: start;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-1 li a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li a font-size: 20px; padding: 24px 50px !important; line-height: 28px;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-view-level-2 li a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li a font-size: 20px; padding: 24px 50px !important; line-height: 28px;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 .sfm-sl font: normal normal normal 16px/24px var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family); letter-spacing: 0.13px; margin-top: 10px;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 .sfm-sl font: normal normal normal 16px/24px var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family); letter-spacing: 0.13px; margin-top: 10px;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li:hover > a:before background: transparent; width: 0;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li:hover > a:before background: transparent; width: 0;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-item .sfm-sm-indicator i,#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-smooth .sfm-sm-indicator i,.sfm-style-full #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-item .sfm-sm-indicator i border-color: var(--ngs-color-sunlight);#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li:hover .sfm-sm-indicator i color: var(--ngs-color-ramp-gray-9);#sfm-sidebar .sfm-copy margin-bottom: var(--ngs-superfly-vertical-spacing-bottom);#sfm-sidebar.sfm-hl-line .sfm-menu li.sfm-submenu-visible > a, #sfm-sidebar.sfm-hl-line .sfm-menu li:hover > a, #sfm-sidebar.sfm-hl-line .sfm-menu li > a:focus background: transparent;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li a:after background: transparent;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li > a:before background: transparent;#sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li > a:before background: transparent;@media screen and (max-width: 768px) #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu .sfm-chapter, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-back-parent padding-left: var(--ngs-superfly-horizontal-spacing-left) !important; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-nav .sfm-child-menu.sfm-menu-level-1 li a padding-left: 20px !important; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-nav .sfm-child-menu.sfm-menu-level-2 li a padding-left: 20px !important; .sfm-sidebar-close top: 0; #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sidebar-exposed .sfm-logo top: 20px; padding-left: 25px; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li.sfm-active-item > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li.sfm-active-smooth > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li:hover > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li > a:focus > span:after, .sfm-style-full #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li.sfm-active-item > a > span:after display: none; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li.sfm-active-item > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li.sfm-active-smooth > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li:hover > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li > a:focus > span:after, .sfm-style-full #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li.sfm-active-item > a > span:after display: none; /* patch double menu open (drawer-version + slides-version) if window size changes */@media screen and (min-width: 1501px) #sfm-sidebar li.sfm-has-child-menu>ul.sfm-child-menu display: none !important /* superfly menu adds a style attribute */; #sfm-sidebar.sfm-compact .sfm-nav position: absolute; top: 0; margin-top: 0; #sfm-sidebar.sfm-compact .sfm-logo position: absolute; top: calc(var(--ngs-superfly-vertical-spacing-top) - 30px); #sfm-sidebar.sfm-compact-footer .sfm-copy position: absolute; top: unset; @media screen and (max-width: 1500px) #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-item a color: var(--ngs-color-glacier); #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu li.sfm-active-item .sfm-sm-indicator i border-color: var(--ngs-color-glacier); /* patch double menu open (drawer-version + slides-version) if window size changes */ .superfly-on #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view.sfm-view-level-1, .superfly-on #sfm-sidebar .sfm-view.sfm-view-level-2 display: none; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 li > a > span:after margin-top: -1px; #sfm-sidebar.sfm-compact .sfm-nav padding-top: 20px; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li.sfm-active-item > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li.sfm-active-smooth > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li:hover > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li > a:focus > span:after, .sfm-style-full #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 li.sfm-active-item > a > span:after display: none; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li.sfm-active-item > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li.sfm-active-smooth > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li:hover > a > span:after, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li > a:focus > span:after, .sfm-style-full #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-2 li.sfm-active-item > a > span:after display: none; #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sidebar-exposed, #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sidebar-exposed .sfm-menu-level-0 > li, .sfm-sidebar-always #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-0 > li line-height: 45px; #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sidebar-exposed, #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sidebar-exposed .sfm-menu-level-1 > li, .sfm-sidebar-always #sfm-sidebar .sfm-menu-level-1 > li line-height: 30px; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-logo top: 80px; padding-left: 30%; #sfm-sidebar.sfm-compact .sfm-logo top: 30px; @media screen and (max-width: 700px) #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sidebar-exposed, .sfm-sidebar-bg, #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sidebar-exposed .sfm-nav, #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sidebar-exposed .sfm-widget, #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sidebar-exposed .sfm-logo, #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sidebar-exposed .sfm-social, .sfm-style-toolbar .sfm-copy width: 100%; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-child-menu > li.sfm-submenu-visible > a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-child-menu > li:hover > a, #sfm-sidebar .sfm-child-menu > li > a:focus box-shadow: none; @media screen and (min-width: 1024px) .scrolling-body .sfm-navicon-button top: 30px; .admin-bar.scrolling-body .sfm-navicon-button top: 63px; @media screen and (max-width: 1024px) and (min-width: 768px) .sfm-navicon-button top: 52px; left: 15px !important; .admin-bar .sfm-navicon-button top: 83px; .admin-bar.scrolling-body .sfm-navicon-button top: 63px; .scrolling-body .sfm-navicon-button top: 30px; @media screen and (max-width: 767px) .sfm-navicon-button top: 24px; .admin-bar .sfm-navicon-button top: 73px; .sfm-label-none .sfm-navicon-button:after display: none; .admin-bar.scrolling-body .sfm-navicon-button top: 27px; /* end of custom superfly menu *//* custom css for theme alternative to Appearance -> Customize -> Additional CSS */:root --ngs-color-space: #0f0f0f; --ngs-color-magma: #292929; --ngs-color-sunlight: #fc0; --ngs-color-glacier: #fdfdfd; --ngs-color-sand: #F1EEE9; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-1: #0f0f0f; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-2: #0c0c0c; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-3: #272727; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-4: #3f3f3f; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-5: #575757; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-6: #6f6f6f; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-7: #878787; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-8: #9f9f9f; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-9: #B7B7B7; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-10: #CFCFCF; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-11: #E7E7E7; --ngs-color-ramp-gray-12: #FDFDFD; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-1: #806600; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-2: #997A00; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-3: #B38F00; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-4: #CCA300; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-5: #E6B800; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-6: #FFCC00; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-7: #FFDB4D; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-8: #FFE680; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-9: #FFEB99; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-10: #FFF0B3; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-11: #FFF5CC; --ngs-color-ramp-yellow-12: #FFFAE6; --ngs-typography-primary-font-family: 'Geograph'; --ngs-typography-secondary-font-family: 'TakeEasy'; --ngs-typography-aux-font-family: 'Northwell Swash'; --ngs-font-weight-regular: 400; --ngs-font-weight-medium: 500; --ngs-font-weight-bold: 700;.ngs-menu-footer-links .ngs-menu-footer-link color: #fff; font: normal normal normal 14px/22px var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family); letter-spacing: 0; text-underline-offset: 1px; text-decoration-color: #fff; -webkit-text-decoration-color: #fff; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration: underline;.ngs-menu-footer-links .extra-menu-link display: block; color: var(--ngs-color-ramp-gray-9);.ngs-menu-footer-links .extra-menu-link:hover color: #fff;.ngs-menu-footer-links .extra-menu-link img margin-right: 10px;.ngs-menu-footer-separator color: var(--ngs-color-sunlight); margin: 0 10px;.ngs-menu-footer-links .ngs-menu-footer-link:hover text-decoration-color: var(--ngs-color-sunlight);.display-1, .elementor-container a.display-1 font: normal normal medium 24px/31px var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family); letter-spacing: 12px; color: #0F0F0F; text-transform: uppercase;.display-2, .elementor-container a.display-2 font: normal normal medium 14px/18px var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family); letter-spacing: 5.32px; color: #575757; text-transform: uppercase;.display-3, .elementor-container a.display-3 font: normal normal medium 12px/15px var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family); letter-spacing: 4.56px; color: #575757; text-transform: uppercase;.takeeasy-type font-family: var(--ngs-typography-secondary-font-family);.northwell-type font-family: var(--ngs-typography-aux-font-family);body .northwell-underline position: relative; text-decoration: none;.northwell-underline:after background-position: center center; height: 0.5rem; background-size: 100% 0.5rem; display: block; background-repeat: no-repeat; width: 100%; margin-top: -2px; position: absolute; content: ""; bottom: -10px;@media screen and (max-width: 768px) .northwell-underline:after bottom: -7px; .text-white, .elementor-container a.text-white color: #fff;.font-medium font-weight: 500;.site-footer .wrap background: transparent;/* cookie-banner customization */.cookie-banner-container font-family: var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family);.cookie-banner-container a font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit;.cookie-banner-container .pe-3 svg width: 25px; height: 25px;.cookie-banner-container .fixed-bottom z-index: 3000002!important;::selection background-color: #B3D7FEB3; color: #575757;.elementor-location-footer ::selection background-color: #B3D7FEB3; color: #FFFFFF;/*hero component*/.page-title-bar-inner justify-content: center;.page-title-bar background-position: center center;.page-title-bar .wrap min-height: 400px;.page-title-bar .wrap .page-title font-weight: 500; font-size: 64px; line-height: 70px; font-family: var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family); letter-spacing: -0.64px; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 0;.page-title-bar .breadcrumb display: flex; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family);.page-title-bar .page-title-bar-inner .breadcrumb * text-transform: none;.page-title-bar .breadcrumb .post.post-page.current-item font: normal normal bold 16px/22px var(--ngs-typography-primary-font-family);.page-title-bar .breadcrumb a text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-color: transparent; text-underline-offset: 1px;.page-title-bar .breadcrumb a:hover text-decoration-color: var(--ngs-color-sunlight);.page-title-bar .page-title-bar-inner padding: 0 30px;.page-title-bar .breadcrumb .breadcrumb-separator color: var(--ngs-color-sunlight); margin: 0 15px;/* end of custom theme css *//*search page */.search-page-title-bar .page-title font-size: 64px; line-height: 70px; letter-spacing: -0.64px; color: #F5F5F5; position: relative;.search-page-title-bar .page-title:after content: ''; background: #fc0; height: 3px; position: absolute; width: 100%; max-width: 180px; margin: 0 auto; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: -28px;.search-page-title-bar .page-title-bar-inner max-width: 70ch; margin: 0 auto;.page-title-search background: rgba(34, 34, 34, .9);.page-title-search .container padding: 60px 0;/* fix menu elements overlapping on desktop view */@media screen and (max-height: 800px) and (min-width: 1500px) #sfm-sidebar .sfm-scroll overflow: scroll; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-nav, #sfm-sidebar.sfm-compact .sfm-nav position: relative; padding-top: 0px; height: unset; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-sidebar-close top: 28px; #sfm-sidebar.sfm-sidebar-exposed .sfm-logo position: relative; margin-left: 50px; top: 0px; #sfm-sidebar .sfm-widget.sfm-widget-bottom.sfm-copy position: relative; (function () var header = document.getElementById('ngs-header'); var body = document.getElementsByTagName('body'); function throttle(func, wait) let waiting = false; return function () if (waiting) return; waiting = true; setTimeout(() => func.apply(this, arguments); waiting = false; , wait); ; function toggleClassName() if (header.classList.contains('elementor-sticky--effects')) body[0].classList.add('scrolling-body'); else body[0].classList.remove('scrolling-body'); window.addEventListener('scroll', throttle((e) => toggleClassName()));)(); JOIN US JOIN THE SOCIETY Looking for? 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